Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition in which impaired connectivity of the brain network. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique can provide information on the early diagnosis of autism by evaluating communication patterns in the brain. The present study aimed to assess functional connectivity (FC) variations in autism patients. Materials and Methods: Resting? state fMRI data were obtained from the “ABIDE” website. These data include 294 autism patients with a mean (standard deviation) age of 16. 49 (7. 63) and 312 healthy individuals with a mean (standard deviation) age of 15. 98 (6. 31). In this study, changes in communication patterns across different brain regions in autism patients were investigated using graph? based models. Results: The FC cluster of 17 regions in the brain, such as the ippocampus, cuneus, and inferior temporal, was different between the patient and healthy groups. Based on connectivity analysis of pair regions, 36 of the 136 correlations in the cluster were significantly different between the two groups. The middle temporal gyrus had more communication than the other regions. The largest difference between groups was – 0. 112, which corresponding to the right middle temporal and right thalamus regions. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed functional relationship alterations in patients with autism compared to healthy individuals, indicating the disease’s effects on the brain connectivity network.

Purpose: Managers are one of the important elements of an organization, for this reason, in order to draw the future of the organization, it is necessary for the planners to specify the conditions of their selection and appointment. Therefore, the current research has been done with the aim of identifying and analyzing the components of selecting future principals.Method: In this research, comparative and benchmarking method is used as a prospective approach. This approach is based on the belief that today's advanced organizations/countries can be considered as a model for the future of another organization/countries in their respective subjects. For this, first, the fields of comparison and benchmarking were determined using Brody's four-step comparison method; then the countries of Canada, Finland, Australia, South Africa, and Japan were selected according to the qualitative balance value in the international advanced TEAMS test, human development index, life quality index(health, instruction, and welfare), education quality index, and other scientific-scholarly indexes; finally, by extracting the criteria for the selection and appointment of principals through content analysis and comparison with Iran, the proposed framework for Iran has been presented.Findings: A total of 61 components for the selection of secondary school principals were identified from among the studies conducted in the selected countries in this article. By extracting the commonalities and differences of each of the components among the countries, it was found that the highest index of manager selection and appointment belongs to Japan and the lowest one is related to Finland.Conclusion: There are similarities between the components of selection of principals of secondary schools in Iran and selected countries. In Iran, special attention should be paid to important components such as adherence to religious principles, appropriate personality traits, creativity and innovation, motivation to develop capabilities, professional growth, power of supervision and accountability, social image, leader skills, and purposefulness and foresight.

Accurate spectrum sensing is very important in cognitive radio networks. False sensing results in either waste of spectrum or harmful interference to primary users. To improve accuracy, cooperative spectrum sensing, in which a set of secondary users cooperatively sense the presence of the primary user, has emerged. This technique, however, opens a window for malicious users, who may send false data to the fusion center. This kind of sending false data to the fusion center, which can severely disturb the network, is called spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks. In this paper, focusing on stochastic behavior of secondary users and using Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, detection and false alarm probabilities and then the true spectrum state are estimated. Numerical results show improvement in cooperative spectrum sensing operation in respect of common reputation based methods for defending against SSDF attacks.The results also show an increasing in system’s speed and a reduction in communication’s cost.

Background and Aim: There is limited information on renal diseases in pediatric admissions in Cameroon. We aimed to describe the clinical spectrum and outcomes of renal diseases among admitted children in two regional hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: This research was a 4-year retrospective study where archived records of children admitted with renal disease in two regional hospitals from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were reviewed. We defined renal admission as any structural or functional abnormality of the kidneys and urinary tract on or during hospitalization. Results: In total, 148 children (1. 98%) of the 7457 admitted children had renal diseases. Their median age was 7. 5 years (IQR: 4-12), and 63. 5% were females, with 32. 4% less than 5 years. Their underlying conditions were as follows: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI,51. 4%), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI,21. 6%), nephrotic syndrome (12. 2%), and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD,12. 2%). Children with UTI were significantly younger. Complicated UTI was observed in 9. 2% of children with UTI. Initiation of corticotherapy (83. 3%) was the most common reason for admission in children with nephrotic syndrome. Malaria (40. 6%) and sepsis (40. 6%) were the most common etiologies of AKI. Chronic glomerulonephritis was the most common etiology of CKD. Out of the 32 children with AKI, 50% (n=16) had an indication for dialysis, with 87. 5% (14 out of 16) having access to the therapy. Nine (75%) of the 12 children with stage 5 non-dialysis CKD needed dialysis, with 55. 5% (5 out of 9) having access to it. Out of 148 children, 7 (4. 7%) died. Deaths were due to AKI 12. 5% (4 out of 32) and CKD 16. 7% (3 out of 18). Conclusion: The most common renal diagnoses were UTI, AKI, and nephrotic syndrome. Overall in-hospital mortality was low and observed only in cases with AKI and CKD.

Abstract: Apochromat is usually designed for color correction in the range of the visible spectrum. But to correct the chromatic aberration of optical systems outside the visible spectrum, apochromatic lens in the same spectral band should be used. In this work, firstly, a three-element apochromatic lens in the UVA spectral region is pre-designed and optimized by spherical lenses with suitable glasses. The primary spherical aberration of this apochromat is almost zero and its tertiary spectrum has a small value of 2.558 microns.  Nevertheless, the spherical aberration of higher orders causes the RMS radius in the spot diagram to be several times larger than the Airy radius.  Then, by selecting aspheric surfaces and re-optimizing the system,  a spherical aberration-free apochromatic with a small tertiary spectrum is designed. In this last design, the RMS radius is smaller than the Airy radius, so almost all points are located inside the Airy disk. This lens can be used to correct chromatic aberration in UVA imaging spectrometers and cameras.

Regarding the high prevalence of Autistic spectrum Traits (AST) among people with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and simultaneity of anxiety disorders in individual with high level of Autism spectrum traits as well, this study was conducted to investigate the simple and multiple relationships of autistic spectrum traits and obsessive-compulsive disorder among secondary school girl students in Yazd. The population of current research included all of the girl students of secondary school in Yazd. The samples include 250 students who were chosen by multistage random sampling method. Autism spectrum Quotient (AQ) and OCI) sub scale of SCL-90. Data were analyzed by multiple regressions. The results indicated that %10 of obsessive-compulsive. variance was explained by autistic traits. Attention switching and communication emerged as the strongest predictors of obsessive-compulsive in students. Autism spectrum traits are prevalent in OCD and seem to be associated with the co-morbidities as well as the OCD syndrome itself.

secondary Malignant Neoplasm (SMN) is one of the late effects of childhood cancer. Among secondary malignancies, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common and life-threatening neoplasm. secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is rare and only 10% of SMN is ALL. Patients with Wilm's tumor are not protected from the secondary cancers after the primary diagnosis.Among patients with this tumor the most common SMN is AML and ALL is very rare. In this paper, we report a case of ALL, four years after diagnosis of Wilm's tumor. The patient died nineteen months after the beginning of leukemia treatment due to multiple relapse arid resistance to treatment. With advances in the treatment of childhood cancer, more children are surviving long periods of time; therefore, careful follow-up and other examination sequels are necessary for early diagnosis of SMN.

Coronvirus desies and its consequences have caused concern among various segments of society. In particular, the change in teaching methods from online to face-to-face training and the damage caused by this process in some cases has made this educational process difficult. Thus, identifying students' concerns and understanding the predictions of anxiety in the reopening of educational institutions will allow us to address the roots of this factor after the Corona epidemic and the reopening of schools.. This research is a qualitative research and content analysis and its statistical population is high school students in Tehran at the time of reopening of schools after the Corona epidemic. From this statistical population, 40 male and female subjects who met the research criteria were selected. After interviewing the subjects and analyzing them, sub-themes and main themes have been identified and classified.